does blood type affect covid vaccine side effects

Others have side effects that affect their ability to do daily activities. In a study published back in March 2020, researchers in China found that blood group A was associated with a higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 compared with non-A blood groups, whereas blood group O was associated with a lower risk for the infection compared with non-O blood groups.2 This may be what prompted a slew of similar studies in other countries as COVID-19 spread. If not, you can order an inexpensive kit to test your blood at home by pricking your finger to get a small blood sample, which you can then mix with antibodies to the A and B antigens that come on the card. In addition, his total bilirubin rose to 7.1 mg/dL from baseline 2.4 mg/dL. Positive tests: Isolation, quarantine, and re-testing FAQ. Yet these risks are relative, meaning people with type O blood are not immune to COVID-19. The NEJM study analyzed genetic data from more than 1,600 patients who had been hospitalized with severe cases of COVID-19 in Italy and Spain and compared them with about 2,200 uninfected individuals. "Masks are important because they filter out some of the virus and decreases the viral load, which makes the infection less severe," says Dr. Anderson. Long-term effects of coronavirus (long COVID) - NHS These cases have been mild and self-resolving. But because reinfection is possible and COVID-19 can cause severe medical complications, it's recommended that people who have already had COVID-19 get a COVID-19 vaccine. All vaccines could cause some degree of reaction, and the same is true for COVID-19 vaccines. Adverse reactions appear time-limited and can be managed with supportive care and transfusions as needed. and elicited consistent side effects as compared to other COVID-19 vaccines, according to Dr. Martinello. How much virus you were exposed to, your age, plus any of your underlying health conditions also affects the course and severity of the disease. However, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is both consistent with, and potentially explains, these earlier results. The blood group types did not affect the clinical outcomes. "There is no real benefit for the individual person," said Torben Barington, DMSc, a clinical professor of immunology at the University of Southern Denmark and co-author of the early Danish study. COVID-19 vaccine side effects can vary depending on a person's age, sex, or health. D-dimer was elevated to 0.73 g/mL fibrinogen-equivalent units from 0.21 g/mL. Both of these studies were posted to the MedRxiv website, where researchers share preliminary, unpublished data, before it has undergone peer review. Visit the MHRA Yellow Card report for the latest data on the reported side effects of Covid-19 vaccines. What are the common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine? A side effect or reaction isn't necessarily all bad, by the way; it may indicate that the body is building protection against the virus. There was also a moderately increased risk of infection in people with Rh-positive blood type. Secondary outcome results indicated that type O blood group had an aRR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97) for severe COVID-19 illness and death versus all other blood groups and Rh- status had an aRR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.680.96) compared to Rh+ status. Experts have stressed the rarity of such cases estimating they may occur in about one in 100,000 young adults who get the jab a risk lower than the chance of dying in a road accident in a year. Cambridge, MA 02142, MIT Lincoln Laboratory Symptoms of long COVID. Dr. Susan R. Bailey, an allergist, immunologist and president of the American Medical Association, said side effects develop because your immune system is reacting to the vaccine. However, they did not find strong evidence for a relationship between blood group and risk of intubation or death. The answer remains elusive but may be connected to how the virus attaches itself to your cells and how your genes influence the number and type of receptors on those cells, as well as to your overall risk of cardiovascular problems. We also present 2 patients with PNH who received the vaccine without significant adverse effects or hemolysis. His last dose of ravulizumab was 4 weeks prior to vaccination. Another recently published study, this time co-authored by Canadian Blood Services chief scientist, Dr. Dana Devine, revealed that people with blood groups A or AB were more likely to have a severe case of COVID-19 compared to those with O or B type blood.4. Feeling tired. The first hint of a possible relationship came in March, from researchers in China, who compared nearly 2,200 hospitalized COVID-19 patients to a control group of approximately 27,000 healthy individuals. In other words, the benefits of the jab far outweigh the risks. This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a T at the rs505922 location on the gene. The sore arm can be either due to the trauma of the needle in the muscle, or local inflammation in the muscle probably because of the chemicals in the injection, said Prof Robert Read, head of clinical and experimental sciences within medicine at the University of Southampton and director of the National Institute of Health Researchs Southampton Biomedical Research Centre. The risk of death was increased for type AB and decreased for types A and B. Omicron-specific Covid booster shot side effects: What to expect After being vaccinated, it's common and normal to have temporary side effects, even after a COVID-19 infection. As more information about the coronavirus pandemic develops, some of the information in this story may have changed since it was last updated. loss of smell. Whether you know your blood type or not, its still necessary for your sake and the sake of those around you to follow public health precautions, such as handwashing, mask-wearing, physical distancing, and staying home to stay safe. Still, the study authors wrote, "the impact of blood type on clinical outcomes remains unclear. Similar disease flares may be anticipated in other complement-mediated disorders, such as complement-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome, cold agglutinin disease, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, and HELLP syndrome.17 As SARS-CoV-2 leads to a severe inflammatory state, the benefits of vaccinating patients with PNH likely outweigh the risks; however, clinicians and patients should be aware of this serious adverse effect, and patients should be educated to report any symptoms postvaccination. For A and AB groups, the stay was 13.5 days. FDA says Guillain-Barre syndrome is possible risk of Pfizer RSV vaccine Knowledge of your blood type is usually important if you're undergoing a blood transfusion or organ transplantbut in those situations, your medical team will test your blood type beforehand. The company commissioned a huge study, even recruiting people outside of their already massive 23andMe genetics database. We hope youre enjoying the latest clinical news, full-length features, case studies, and more. These studies are fascinating from a scientific perspective, but at this point, they have no practical implications for the way we live our lives and the precautions we should be taking to protect others and ourselves. According to materials published by the American Medical Association, research on the timing between infection and another injection indicates that an increased timeline in this range could better bolster your body's immune response compared to receiving a shot earlier. Of course, your blood type is not a risk factor over which you have any control. - Conference Coverage Fatigue. Furthermore, among ongoing clinical trials of immunotherapy using convalescent plasma or of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the interaction between participant blood groups and therapeutic efficacy could be measured.. After adjusting for confounding factors, such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, BMI, and high-risk co-morbidity or being immunocompromised, those with blood type O were, on average, 14-percent less likely to acquire a COVID-19 infection and 19-percent less likely to be hospitalized for the infection. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Lexington, MA 02421. Always speak with your physician or other healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal, or homeopathic supplement, or using any treatment for a health problem. Those symptoms are similar in all vaccines, but in the two-dose vaccines, they are more common after the second shot. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists risk factors that have been identified for developing severe COVID-19, and blood type does not appear. Know how to get ready for your COVID-19 vaccines with these quick tips. Blood type O seems to have the lowest risk. Hemolysis in each sample was compared with total water-induced lysis of the erythrocytes. In short, it might feel like you have the flu. Does your blood type affect COVID vaccine side effects? They include: tenderness, swelling, and. Recent data suggest the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds heparan sulfate on nucleated cells9 and amplifies the alternative pathway of complement through interference with the binding of CFH, an alternative pathway inhibitor.5 However, CFH primarily binds sialic acid on human erythrocytes,10 and mature erythrocytes express little heparan sulfate.11. Your blood type may also affect how severe the progression of COVID-19 will be. Swollen Lymph Nodes After COVID-19 Vaccines May Cause Mammogram Confusion. If any of these side effects occur, they should go away in a few days. But, overall, the link between blood type, genes, and infection risk is a growing area of research. Information on this website is provided for informational purposes only and is a result of years of practice and experience by the author. What should you have on hand at home? Headache. Chills. More rarely, you may experience joint pain, swelling or rash at the injection site. Pfizer vaccine side effects: Full list of all 23 possible symptoms While the distribution of blood types is different in New York City than in Wuhan and Shenzhen, after controlling for other risk factors, they found that individuals with Type A blood were 34 percent more likely to test positive for the coronavirus, while having Type O or AB blood was associated with a lower probability of testing positive. 25 Carleton Street The side effects of the three COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for temporary use (Pfizer, Moderna and . The posts claim that the FDA warns that death is a side effect of the COVID-19 vaccines. But an even better way to get your blood type tested is to donate blood, which, by the way, is still a safe thing to do, even during a pandemic. Earlier this month the MHRA said that while not yet proved, there was growing evidence to suggest this syndrome could be caused by the AstraZeneca jab, while the European Medicines Agency said there was a possible link and noted the syndrome should be listed as a very rare side-effect of the vaccine. The Covid-19 vaccine side effects that specifically affect women . My understanding is that people withTypeO blood are less susceptible than people with other blood types. "We are learning a lot about coronavirus infection and the impact it has on the heart and vascular system," says Dr. Anderson. So far, most of the cases reported have occurred in women under 60 years of age within two weeks of vaccination. This content is for informational and educational purposes only. Sat, Sun 10 a.m. 4 p.m. - Case Studies The relative protective effects of O, Rh-, and O- blood groups were greatest in patients younger than age 70. In April, researchers at Columbia University reported similar risks associated with Type A blood after blood-typing more than 1,500 New Yorkers and testing them for COVID-19. The O- blood group had a 2.1% chance of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection (95% CI, 1.8-2.3%), the lowest unadjusted probability of all blood groups. Patient 1 had a presumptive thrombotic manifestation. The O- blood group also seemed protective, with an aRR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.66-0.83) and an ARD of -8.2 per 1,000 (95% CI, -10.8 to -5.3). COVID Vaccine Side Effects | Johns Hopkins Medicine ), and the Jack LevinC. Two messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines that lead to transient expression of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are highly efficacious in preventing severe infection.6,7 Reactions to these vaccines are generally mild; however, increased complement amplification could theoretically lead to more severe effects in diseases like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), where blood cells lack complement regulatory proteins.8 Here, we describe significant adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines in 4 patients with PNH. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has updated masking guidelines since this was written. Five days after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, he developed abdominal pain leading to evaluation in an emergency department. Reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines have mostly been mild to moderate and have lasted no longer thana few days. One study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in April of 2021, reviewed nearly 108,000 COVID-19 cases. This study provides insight into the mechanism of pharmacodynamic breakthrough precipitated by COVID-19 vaccination in patients with PNH on ravulizumab. Rare heart inflammation cases (around one in 6000) were reported in teenagers after their COVID-19 vaccination. Patients 2, 3, and 4 experienced severe hemolysis with 2 to 4 g/dL hemoglobin decrease. One study of over 3,000 people who got a COVID-19 vaccine did not find any increased side effects or other issues among people with different blood types. Why? There's no need to worry about any of the flu-like symptoms. Got a question about COVID-19? Approximately 12 hours after receiving the second dose of the Moderna mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine, she had a fever (39C) and rigors. By signing up, you are consenting to receive electronic messages from Nebraska Medicine. Side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine can vary from person to person. COVID vaccines may have some side effects. Blood type may influence other infections, as well. Some research findings have suggested that people with blood types A and AB are more susceptible to contracting. - Full-Length Features Instead, it seems that a specific variant in the ABO gene is associated with lower risk. Fatigue. They have also been shown to be very good at lowering the risk of getting very sick, being hospitalized, or dying from COVID-19 if you are infected. These studies only suggest an association between blood types and Covid-19 outcome, not cause and effect. Black colleagues share their reasons for getting the COVID-19 vaccines, 7 steps to prepare for your COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 and Its Cardiovascular Impact Rapid Response Grant. As a whole, experts recommend that peopleregardless of blood typekeep following CDC guidelines to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine is available under EUA to prevent COVID-19 in individuals 18 years of age and older for whom other FDA-authorized or approved COVID-19 vaccines are not accessible or . Of course, its not just as simple as saying that anyone with an O blood type has a lower risk of dying of COVID-19. Chills,. COVID-19 vaccines: Safety, side effects and coincidence - Harvard Health The second study (also from October 2020) from researchers in Canada looked at data from 95 patients who were severely ill with COVID-19. Instead, being armed with greater knowledge about your blood type could provide extra incentive to be cautious and build your immune system. Patient 3 is a 32-year-old woman with a 10-year history of PNH on ravulizumab with her last dose 4 weeks prior to vaccination. Fever or chills. Joint pain. Researchers found inconsistent findings but did identify certain trends suggesting that blood type A might predispose one to increased susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), or that type O and Rh-negative blood groups might be protective. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination might offer better protection than getting sick with COVID-19.A recent study showed that unvaccinated people who already . Patient 2 is a 45-year-old man with a 20-year history of PNH. He experienced fatigue and darkening of his urine following his first dose of the Moderna vaccine. Yet these risks are relative, meaning people with type O blood are not immune to COVID-19. The Impact of Coronavirus Blood Clots Throughout the Body. All in all, more than 1 million people were involved. Type A blood was associated with a 45 percent increased risk of having respiratory failure, while Type O was associated with a 35 percent reduction in risk. Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. The blood type-infection connection is not unique to the coronavirus. Researchers found no link between blood type and COVID-19 risk, adding that more research was needed on the topic. 4. You'll notice that all of these side effects warnings are the same that came with original vaccine formulations. Specifically, they sought out folks in the U.S. diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19. A Vancouver study revealed people with blood types A, B or AB had worse outcomes than others. In November 2021 in The New England Journal of Medicine, he proposed that an autoimmune mechanism triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein might explain both Long Covid symptoms and some rare vaccine side effects, and he called for more basic research to probe possible connections. There have been multiple studies on blood types and COVID-19 risk. The clots linked to the vaccine were a dangerous type in the brain, while birth control pills increase the chances of a blood clot in the leg or lung a point quickly noted by many experts. An infection with a lower viral load makes a positive difference in clinical infection in all people. headache, muscle pain, joint pain. muscle aches. While Health is trying to keep our stories as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources. Both federal health officials and leading virologists polled by Good Housekeeping for this article suggest that you should expect similar side effects this time around if you experienced them after earlier vaccinations. The other half is the adaptive response which learns and then remembers how to fight an infection by designing B . Conflict-of-interest disclosure: R.A.B. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Covid vaccine side-effects: what are they, who gets them and why? aNHS preincubated with and without S1 was added to the erythrocytes. That means getting vaccinated and boosted, social distancing, wearing a mask in public, and washing your hands regularly, among other things. and T32 HL 007525 (G.F.G. Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. 15 Ravulizumab, a new C5 inhibitor with a half-life 4 times longer than eculizumab, is reported to have significantly fewer instances of pharmacokinetic breakthrough hemolysis. We recommend vaccination within 4 weeks of the last ravulizumab infusion and 1 week of eculizumab infusion and that patients maintain optimal hydration. Now, a "Covid arm" is different from a skin reaction that . However, the chance of developing severe illness and death after a COVID-19 infection is much higher (2-10%). COVID-19 vaccine statistics: Rare side effects Large study of COVID vaccine side effects in Sweden - News-Medical.net The question researchers are trying to answer is why blood type matters. Side effects in adults 60+ after Johnson & Johnson vaccine Pain at injection site (33.3%) Investigators also suggested further research on how ABO status may moderate venous thromboembolism occurrence, a known complication of COVID-19, since blood group O patients have been associated with a decreased risk of venous thromboembolism in prior research. Are the Vaccines Safe? Type O and Rh-Negative Blood Type Protective Against COVID-19 All viewers of this content, especially those taking prescription or over-the-counter medications, should consult their physicians before beginning any nutrition, supplement or lifestyle program. NIH 'Very Concerned' About Serious Side Effect in Coronavirus Vaccine Trial. It has also been identified as an extremely rare side effect of certain COVID-19 vaccines. What Is 'Covid Arm,' A Side Effect From Covid-19 - Forbes