Verbal twists and the characters most importantly stress the act of evil. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Cassio despairs at his lost reputation: "O, I have lost my reputation! Othello killed Desdemona because he thought she betrayed him. Shakespeare highlights that Iago has control over the characters and everyone is vulnerable to his tricks. Each group should also be assigned to trace one character's "honesty" throughout the play. In the order of their appearance, list the characters who arrive from Venice in Scene 1. Iago uses this metaphor to manipulate Roderigo into going to Desdemona's father and telling him that his daughter is married to the Moor, Othello. Indeed, Iago is so good at lying that he is able to convince even himself that he has the soundest of reasons to destroy Othello, Desdemona, and Cassio. He promises to turn Desdemona's generosity against her, and use it to provoke Othello's jealousy and ruin everyone. Earlier he used people's prejudices to manipulate them to do what he wants. LitCharts Teacher Editions. By comparing Othello to an animal, and old. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. In the quotation previous to this one, Roderigo is telling Iago that the plan to win Desdemona over was simply not going to work. In his soliloquies and dialogues he reveals himself to the audience to be a master of connotative and metaphoric language, inflammatory imagery, emotional appeals, well-placed silences, dubious hesitations, leading questions, meaningful repetition, and sly hints. Evaluate the extent to which Othello is a tragic hero. Othello can't analyze realityhe can't even differentiate between Emilia's and Desdemona's voices. The quotation shows that Iago has come across rumours and suspicions that Othello has slept with his wife and that he has intentions for sweet revenge. Othello Study Guide | GradeSaver . This represents the true characteristics of Iago through masculinity and his dominance over other characters throughout the play. Iago manipulates Roderigo and convinces him to fight Cassio. Iago teeters on a seesaw "debating" whether to tell Othello what he saw between his wife and . But it may also be that it is because of Iagos Jealousy that he has to belittle those around him in order to feel good about his own misfortune. Analyze Iago's arguments. this quote suggests to the audience that Iago is saying his plot is so evil that hell and night shall give birth to it. Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. Does Iago use other words that would also alarm him? Soliloquies are important in many plays due to the fact that it fills the audience in on whats happening or what is about to happen, such as Iagos motives and plans. Cassio fights Montano, and gravely wounds him. Iago is presented as arrogant and self-obsessed. Instant PDF downloads. Roderigo recruits Iago to woo Desdemona for humself. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Every teacher of literature should use these translations. He commits suicide claiming that His only crime was loving too much. Yet, the audience knows exactly what Iago is up to, and is able to see his deceptions for what they are. Using examples from the beginning of the scene, explain the differences between how Othello speaks about and to Desdemona and how Cassio and Iago discuss the current "situation" between Othello and Desdemona. Before introducing this activity, download and copy the worksheet. Oil on canvas, ca. They drowned and were defeated in battle. Students of all ages and in every subject area will find it indispensable. Teachers and parents! These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Othello by William Shakespeare. "I will turn her virtue into pitch," he says of Desdemona, hearkening back to the light/dark imagery earlier in the act. Shakespeare's use of soliloquies to present Macbeth and Hamlet, True Grit in the Character of Mattie in True Grit by Charles Portis. Othello: Act II Study Questions Scene i 1. Before dividing students into groups, initiate a class discussion with the following observation and question: The characters in the play refer to Iago as "honest." Cassio laments that he has lost his reputation, which is very dear to him. This builds on Iago's soliloquy in Act 1 scene 3, where he reveals to the audience that he intends to create suspicion in Othello's mind that Desdemona is having a secret relationship with Cassio, "after some time, to abuse Othello's ear that he is too familiar with his wife..". I know our country disposition well;/ in Venice they do let heaven see the pranks/They dare not show their husbands; Their best conscience/ Is not to leave't undone, but keep't unknown. When faced with this accusation, Iago simply offers that killing Cassio will. In short, Othello is an "other," and the fact that he is a Moor surrounded by Italians and Cypriots only emphasizes his difference. Iago 4. I think the opening scene is meant to introduce the cunning and deceitful Iago. Proprietors were able to make their own laws in the colonies. It is Cassio's courtly manner that makes him Othello's lieutenant; for Othello sees Cassio as a model Venetian, all poise and polish, which is something Othello wants to be, but thinks he is not. Throughout this act Iago is fully aware of his actions, the fact that his selfishness is to such a great extent that through his trickery he manages to cause grief and pain to those who are closest and dearest to him, yet he strives on caring for none but himself and only those who are yet to join his plot. Shakespeare shifts the action from Venice to Cyprus. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. What emotion does Iago play on to get Roderigo to provoke Cassio? How does the setting change from Act 1 to the Act 2? His language dehumanizes the Turks and makes them seem animal, echoing Brabantio's dismissal of Othello in front of the Duke. Iago tells Cassio to speak to Desdemona, maybe he can get her to vouch for him with Othello to get his job back. Francis Ferguson in Two Worldviews Echo Each Other describes the types of base, loathsome imagery used by the antagonist Iago when he slips his mask aside while awakening Brabantio: Roderigos opening lines to Iago in Act 1 Scene 1 take us to the very root of the problem: Iagos Use of Language and Villainous Behavior in Shakespeares Othello. Iago is painting himself as a spider. Cassio's ship, followed by Desdemona's ship, is the first Venetian ship to arrive. Retrieved from http://studymoose.com/iagos-use-language-soliloquies-reveal-true-character-new-essay. Othello, now comprehending everything, shows frank, deep remorse. After a discussion of what "honest" means in today's society, divide the students up into four groups. Iago's motives could be all of these reasons and more, or they could be none; indeed, Shakespeare leaves the root of Iago's malignancy unexplained, while showing the fruits of his evil in full. Conclude the class by asking the students how they view Iago, Desdemona, Othello, and Brabantio as based on what they have read and discussed. Iago tries to control Emilia, commanding her as his wife to be silent. By refusing to even listen to Desdemona's denials of her suspected infidelity, Othello reveals how fully he has lost his independent perspective and succumbed to Iago's web of illusions. Does Othello's final speech redeem him? The banter between Iago and Desdemona creates a nervous, uncomfortable atmosphere, in part because their levity is inappropriate, given that Othello's ship remains missing. He measures two points, and, with a grace inimitable, offers his Majesty the choice. However, all does not go according to plan; first Cassio does not die and then the entire plot is revealed to by Iagos wife, Emilia. Iago gets Cassio drunk and then has Roderigo pick a fight with him. Iago's convincing rhetoric clearly reveals what a powerful-and dangerous-tool language can be, especially when used by the eloquent, but unscrupulous, individual. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs He's paranoid Emilia has slept with O and C too! Iago then later describes this in his soliloquy as divinity of hell, as this is devilish acts being carries out. They really don't want to get caught but one can see their sins if they look closely. in the situation and in Othello's statement, "Iago is most honest." (Act II, Scene III, line 7) 2. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Each group must answer in writing the following question: What did it mean to be "honest" in Shakespeare's time? Cassio's lines "Reputation, reputation, reputation! In Shakespeare's play Othello, the character Iago is no different from those deceptive individuals. Iago's omnipresence is vital to his success; only when present in a scene is he able to manipulate the characters and, more importantly, interpret the scenes for the benefit of those witnessing the events. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Kill him, kill her/Iago. Meanwhile, Iago moves his plot into its second phase: to twist two noble traitsCassio's desire to regain his honor and Desdemona's generosityto provoke Othello's doubt of Desdemona and sexual jealousy of Cassio. The soliloquy also allows the audience to fully trust the character in showing his or her true beliefs. The play opens as Iago is telling Roderigo that he hates Othello because Othello has promoted Cassio to be his lieutenant instead of him, even though Cassio 'never set a squadron in the field' and has much less experience. Iago, left uncontested. When Lodovico shows up at the beginning of Act 4, Othello is already completely overtaken by Iago's influence. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Iago tries to convince Cassio to actually take a shot at seducing Desdemona by alluding to the idea that demure women are probably just hiding their inner whore. Tension lies in whether or not Cassio and Othello will come to know as much as the audience does about Iago's deviance. Roderigo is deceived by Iago whom he trusted so dearly, However, along with his word choice, Iago is clever at the timing of what he says. His use of the terms "purchase" and "profit" make it seem like Othello is trying to make his diction suitable for the crowd listening to him, and his tone is also less personal and more declarative. Whereas the acting f the play started on the streets of Venice going to the court and finally to Cyprus's beaches. Throughout the play, Iago tends to degrade those around him, whom he resents, the main perpetrator being Othello, this shows Iagos true characteristics as he has to belittle those around him in order to better himself, he decides to include Desdemona, Emila and Othello and other characters throughout into his plot, even though they only spoke highly of him. Indeed the Turks are the enemy in Cyprus, but it is interesting that Othello uses language that conveys otherness. Cassio's flawed honor and courtliness are juxtaposed in this scene with Iago's manipulativeness and deceptiveness. nobody to act as her defense. Iago gets Cassio drunk and then has Roderigo pick a fight with him. Othello e-text contains the full text of Othello by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare portrays through the speech, Iago's lack of moral scruples, his delusional state of mind and his powers of manipulation and foresight. Complete your free account to request a guide. In act III, scene iii, Desdemona. Download Othello Study Guide. Storms are always of great significance in Shakespeare; here, the storm is a symbol of unrest and the discord to come. If not, how does Iago use words to convince himself that he is completely justified in destroying Othello? Bhaskar Singh Bora . Here Iago is trying to convince Roderigo into getting into his plan, he also says it with a vengeful tone so that Roderigo can relate to him. Iago uses the appeal to ethos twice in the passage, in line 331 and then again in lines 355-357. Roderigo is told by Iago that if he tells Brabantio that Othello and Desdemona are married than Brabantio might get them divorced or break them up. Iago understands that liquor can separate even the best man from himself, and do great damage to his reputation, as "His vice tis to his virtue an equinox, one as long as th' other" (II.iii.123-124). Roderigo takes a decision to drown himself. All the noise wakes Othello, who comes down to figure out what has happened. Another interpretation is that Iago is jealous of Othellos good fortune, the audience sees this at the end of the play When Iago refuses to explain himself. In this soliloquy he not only describes his actions as devilish, but he also discusses how he will ensnare. But even as he minces words with Desdemona, he is observing her and Cassio, and plotting how to make a fictional affair between them look convincing. Explain Othello's change of heart. What might have been a. reason for Shakespeare to employ this change at the end of the act? Othello essays are academic essays for citation. Once again, Iago closes the act with a speech addressed to the audience; although Othello is the title character, and his dilemma is central to the play, Iago is even more central to the events of the play, and to the audience. How does the language change? He is not interested in her innocence, in her pleas to be given a chance to explain the truth behind appearances, because he is so consumed by the "monster" of jealousy that he is certain that she is guilty. In this Iago says that he shall take Desdemonas pure hearts content goodness in which he will spawn a net of destruction to ruin them all. *The Temple of Abbath or - 1st Level Adventure - In which the Fey Iago continues to orchestrate complicated sets of doubling-crossings in order to promote the illusions that will help him with his plan. In Iago's soliloquy it shows that he is paranoid as he suspects that Othello has slept with his wife Emilia. Delivering the pre-set work. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. As the enraged and drunken Cassio attempts to attack Roderigo, Montano steps in to stop him. To what extent has Othello become a tragic hero. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. A messenger enters, and confirms that the Turkish fleet was broken apart by the storm, and that Cassio has arrived, though Othello is still at sea. That is, does Iago use any rhetorical devices to convince himself that he is in the right? An illustration of a 3.5" floppy disk. Othello considers all of his men in Cyprus to be friends, since they are allies; this is another example of Othello's confusion between the worldly and the personal spheres. Complete your free account to request a guide. You can get a custom paper by one of our expert writers. Shakespeare uses this character to set the basis of evil. Roderigo is a simple-minded fool who believes that by giving money to a lowly ensign he can win the love of Desdemona, have her marriage to Othello dissolved, and restore her virtue. They reveal that Iago is malicious and malevolent and his methods are manipulative. Iago's opinions show his perceived superiority in his character. An illustration of text ellipses. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Despite Iago's confession to Rodrigo, he continues to trust this two-faced "confidante" who swears "by Janus," and who sows doubt, destruction and despair in the paths of all he encounters. How does Shakespeare reveal Iago's villainy throughout 'Othello'? Much like the stereotypes that are hurled his way, Othello contrasts the "barbarous" behavior with the "Christian" brotherhood of the Venetians. The . CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.1. With the line, But for my sport and profit, it is clear that Iago sees enriching himself off Roderigos envy as an amusing task with such an easy mark (Shakespeare 1473). Iago tries to convince him that a reputation means little; and, if he talks to Desdemona, maybe he can get her to vouch for him with Othello. He plays on Roderigo's anger and Cassio's low tolerance of alcohol. It is like one kind of play ending at the end of Act II, and another starts what looks like a political tragedy being an economic disaster. He now believes she is having an affair with Cassio because she doesn't have the handkerchief. Therefore Iago decides to give him a cheerful speech in which he says, If thou canst cuckold him, thou dost thyself a pleasure, me a sport. (Shakespeare I.iii.360-361). Capstone Assignment #2: Two Paper Topic Ideas, For further evidence of Iago's successful persuasive techniques, one might also profitably examine Iago's interactions with Roderigo (see. How does Charles Dickens in the early part of Oliver Twist use the character Oliver to present his view of an unfair and corrupt world? Language - Edward Sapir 1921 Professor Sapir analyzes, for student and common reader, the elements of language. Emilia 5. To install StudyMoose App tap What are some possible symbolic meanings of this change? However, this is not the only place where it is seen that Iago uses negativity. Abuzahra & Salahat, Analyzing Iago's Speech in Shakespeare's Othello 188 IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 2(2), 2018 1.4 Animal Metaphor They completely demystify Shakespeare. The series was a spinoff of The Andy Griffith Show, and the pilot episode was introduced as the final fourth-season episode which aired on May 18, 1964. Iago mentions the promotion to Roderigo, to convince him that he hates Othello; but Iago also cites his suspicions that Emilia and Othello have had an affair as another reason for his enmity. 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